finished

INTRODUCTION:

I'm Robyn Williams and this is my evaluation portfolio for my AS foundation, where I have made a pop magazine cover, contents page and double page spread.

Who would be the audience for your media product?

My primary target audience for this pop magazine would be white straight female british teenagers aged from 13-15 and would be in social grades of C1-E. The secondary target audience for my magazine could be homosexual men as they are stereotypically into pop music so could be into my magazine

I also made a survey monkey questionnaire to give to my target audience, this helped me as I knew what kind of things they wanted to see in the magazine. my results from this linked to blamer and katz uses and gratification theory (1974) of information, socialisation and entertainment. Also by creating a survey I found it easier to choose the pop genre, because from the results it said it was popular, so therefore it could sell more. 

In what ways does your media product use, develop or challenge forms and conventions of real media products?

How did you attract/address your audience?

How does your media product represent particular social groups?

When creating my pop magazine I followed the theorist bentley (1997) who said "the creative process is the rearranging of the old to create the new." which meant that I needed to research other common conventions  that are used for pop magazines and then add my own ideas to make it unique and stand out against the rest. the other types of magazine cover, contents and double page spread i looked are, billboard, suga, and top of the pops.

I firstly began by creating my magazine cover, I researched existing mastheads and picked three from the same genre and seen that the common conventions on each magazine was that the masthead took up 1/8th of the page, and was bold and caught your eye as seen as you looked at the page. My own masthead follows these conventions and also represents the target audience because the title is 'top of the pops' which the 'of the' is in a circle which grabs your attention by doing this it links to blumer and Katz theory (1974) "the media user seeks out a media source that best fulfils the needs of that user." its also in a pink coloured typography which would represent the target audience, and pink also connotes sweet, and playful which also links to the target audience.

I then began to think out a colour palette for my front cover which is going to be kept the same throughout my magazine to keep it looking professional and to keep it flowing together. I picked the colour white, pink and purple. These colours connote femininity and innocence to represent my target audience and link to hedbridges theory (1988) of 'youth is fun' as the colour ive picked are bright. When I was researching other magazine in this genre i noticed that these were commonly the main colours

After that I then researched what the common conventions for the typography and lexis for this genre was, and i discovered they were bold curly fonts, with the lexis based on semantic fields linking as i chose pink which fits in with the pop genre, however I would say i broke conventions as i used a more grown up typography than what is normally used as i didn't want to make the magazine seem unprofessional. i still used slang language which is what my primary target audience would normally see and by doing this I stuck to common conventions.

As I was researching magazines within my genre I noticed that they commonly used a medium close up for the main image which I stuck to and made sure it follows Laura Mulveys theory (1975) 'As erotic objects of desire for the spectator' as I made my star vehicle an attractive female of a similar age to my audience so they would be able to look up to her and wish they was her. It took me two times to get the editing of the image to get right as the first time i done it i over edited the image and my model looked like a plastic barbie which would have broken the conventions if i kept it on there.

I also included a barcode, price and issue number on my magazine cover, i made the price of my magazine of £2.99 which my target audience would be able to afford.

After that I then began researching the common conventions of a regular pop magazine contents page and i discovered normally theres a large bold font saying 'contents' and 5 or more images, clear page numbers, and a whole range of stories that would appeal to the target audience. This links with Blumer and Katz theory (1974) "individuals might chose and use text for the purpose of finding yourself reflected in texts" as there is a whole range of stories that would appeal to a different range of audiences. I stuck to these common conventions for my contents because thats what the audience would expect to see, I also used the same colour palette as the cover as it looks professional and thats what the audience would be expecting. I broke conventions by having contents written in black instead of the same colour the masthead is on the cover, I chose black as i thought it looked professional and it also matches the smaller writting on the page so it all links together. I also didnt use any pink on this page as I thought by just using the white, black and purple it would make it look more proffesional and sophisticated because by adding the pink it looked to tacky and unprofessional.

After I finished that i began researching existing double page spreads from pop magazines such as billboard, suga and top of the pops, i noticed all the common conventions they all had together was either a medium or long close up of the star vehicle, with an eyecatching title and quote teaser from the text to grab the readers in. I followed these conventions throughout my own double page spread, which was an interview double page spread, i used the same colour palette from my cover and contents on my double page spread to make it look professional. At first i had all the writing in black and you couldnt tell who was the interviewer and who was the interviewee so i changed the writing to pink and purple so it was clearer to see what was happening. 

What kind of media institutions might distribute your product and why?

the type of media institutions that might distribute my product would be bauber, IPC and bbc magazines as these institutions distribute successful magazines such as ones that i have created. IPC and bbc magazine already have a magazine on there markets simular to mine which are 'top of the pops' and 'teen now' however bauber doesnt have a magazine aimed for my target audience so i could bring something different to their market and with 38 million magazine per week sold worldwide it would be perfect for my magazine as it would bring a lot of customers.

What have you learnt about technologies from the process of constructing this product?

When making this product i learnt about different tchniques and technologies used in the process, firstly I learnt about blogger to present my work online as a digital portfolio, from blogger i learnt how to add text posts, images, link videos, and prezi. blogger would sometimes be difficult because if you had just wrote out something on there and the internet would go off it wouldnt save your work which could sometimes be fustrating but it taught me to always save my work on a computer first, however blogger will always be there for me to show examiners and for universities to see. My blog has over 500 views which shows that there is a lot of people who view my work, this links to theoriest toby miller who said in 2006 "by looking at how culture is used and transformed by social groups, cultural studies see people not simply as consumers, but as potential producers of new social values and cultural language" I also used twitter and facebook for some of the tasks in my blog such as when i created my survey monkey i shared it on twitter and facebook so i could get a bigger variety of answers.

I also learnt about Prezi to create a presentation on feature articles, which was shared online so a mass audience would be able to view it. however i discovered that when using prezi you are limited to space for each slide which i saw as a dissadvantage.

i then later learnt about the digital equipment i would need such as a Canon 5D SLR camera and lense. i learnt about all the different setting to use and what was the best setting so i could get the best quality images and to not use an inferior memory card which would lose the high quality images.

After i had taken my images and was happy with them, I learnt to devolop my photoshop and illustrator skills by searching through tutorials online. I mainly used the brush and spot healing tool to give my model a flawless look, I also used tools such as ellipse, text, elliptical marquee tool and leaner to change the opacity on some of the ellipse and rectangle shape tools. for my fonts on my masthead i used illustrator where i learnt interestesting fonts appeal to my target audience and by combining with photoshop i could make all elements of my product appeal to my target audience. Hopefully next time i can improve my illustrator skills.

I then learnt about indesign where i put my product in so i can add text, change the spacing and create columns. when my practical work was finished I used the canon camera to film this evaluation with a green screen behind and i placed the camera on a tripod so it looked professional. I learnt to get the camera settings right and also the camera lighting, i also learnt how to get the camera framing so it was in focus. when i had finished filming i then imported all my clips into imovie to edit my evaluation and add the chosen images on th green screen of my product. Lastly the technology i then used was Youtube so i could share my evaluation which took up a large amount of time, overall i learnt and developed my skills using a huge range of different media technologies that i wouldnt normally use so i could create media products of a professional standard.

Looking back at your preliminary task, what do you feel you have learnt in the progression from it to your full product? 

Looking back at my preliminary task i think i have learnt to use a wide type of typography styles in the progression from my full product. I think ive learnt this as my chosen genre uses a wide variety. Ive learnt about the common conventions needed to make a successful pop magazine which shows when comparing my prelim and my final product. I also used more images and brighter colours to make it professional looking magazine for my target audience has made it a successful magazine overall.

evaluation re-write.

RE WRITE EVALUATION

INTRODUCTION:

I'm Robyn Williams and this is my evaluation portfolio for my AS foundation, where I have made a pop magazine cover, contents page and double page spread.

Who would be the audience for your media product?

My primary target audience for this pop magazine would be white straight female british teenagers aged from 13-15 and would be in social grades of C1-E. The secondary target audience for my magazine could be homosexual men as they are stereotypically into pop music so could be into my magazine

I also made a survey monkey questionnaire to give to my target audience, this helped me as I knew what kind of things they wanted to see in the magazine. my results from this linked to blamer and katz uses and gratification theory (1974) of information, socialisation and entertainment. Also by creating a survey I found it easier to choose the pop genre, because from the results it said it was popular, so therefore it could sell more. 

In what ways does your media product use, develop or challenge forms and conventions of real media products?

How did you attract/address your audience?

How does your media product represent particular social groups?

When creating my pop magazine I followed the theorist bentley (1997) who said "the creative process is the rearranging of the old to create the new." which meant that I needed to research other common conventions  that are used for pop magazines and then add my own ideas to make it unique and stand out against the rest. the other types of magazine cover, contents and double page spread i looked are, billboard, suga, and top of the pops.

I firstly began by creating my magazine cover, I researched existing mastheads and picked three from the same genre and seen that the common conventions on each magazine was that the masthead tool up 1/8th of the page, and were bold and caught your eye as seen as you looked at the page. My own masthead follows these conventions and also represents the target audience because the title is 'top of the pops' which the 'of the' is in a circle which grabs your attention by doing this it links to blumer and Katz theory (1974) "the media user seeks out a media source that best fulfils the needs of that user." its also in a pink coloured typography which would represent the target audience, and pink also connotes sweet, and playful which also links to the target audience.

I then began to think out a colour palette for my front cover which is going to be kept the same throughout my magazine to keep it looking professionally and so it keeps flowing together. I picked the colour white, pink and purple. These colours connote femininity and innocence to represent my target audience and link to hedbridges theory (1988) of 'youth is fun' as the colour ive picked are bright. When I was researching other magazine in this genre i noticed that these were commonly the main colours

After that I then researched what the common conventions for the typography and lexis for this genre was, and i discovered they were bold curly fonts, with the lexis based on semantic fields linking as i chose pink which fits in with the pop genre, however I would say i broke conventions as i used a more grown up typography than what is normally used as i didn't want to make the magazine seem unprofessional. i still used slang language which is what my primary target audience is using and by doing this i stuck to common conventions.

As I was researching magazines within my genre I noticed that they commonly used a medium close up for the main image which I stuck to and made sure it follow Laura Mulveys theory (1975) 'As erotic objects of desire for the spectator' as I made my star vehicle an attractive female of a similar age to my audience so they would be able to look up to her and wish they was her. It took my two times to get the editing of the image to get right as the first time i done it i over editted it and my model looked like a plastic barbie which would have broken the conventions if i kept it on there.

I also included a barcode, price and issue number on my magazine cover, i made the price of my magazine of £2.99 which my target audience would be able to afford.

After that I then began researching the common conventions of a regular pop magazine contents page and i discovered normally theres a large bold font saying 'contents' and 5 or more images, clear page numbers, and a whole range of stories that would appeal to the target audience. This links with Blumer and Katz theory (1974) "individuals might chose and use text for the purpose of finding yourself reflected in texts" as there is a whole range of stories that would appeal to a different range of audience. I stuck to these common conventions for my contents because thats what the audience would expect to see, I also used the same colour palette as the cover as it looks professional and thats what the audience would be expecting. I broke conventions by having contents written in black instead of the same colour the masthead is on the cover, I chose black as i thought it looked professional and it also matches the smaller writting on the page so it all links together. I also didnt use any pink on this page as I thought by just using the white, black and purple it would make it look more proffesional and sophisticated because by adding the pink it looked to tacky and unprofessional.

After I finished that i began researching existing double page spreads from pop magazines such as billboard, suga and top of the pops, i noticed all the common conventions they all had together was either a medium or long close up of the star vehicle, with an eyecatching title and quote teaser from the text to grab the readers in. I followed these conventions throughout my own double page spread, which was an interview double page spread, i used the same colour palette from my cover and contents on my double page spread to make it look professional. At first i had all the writing in black and you couldnt tell who was the interviewer and who was the interviewee so i changed the writing to pink and purple so it was clearer to see what was happening. 

What kind of media institutions might describe your product and why?
the type of media institutions that might distribute my product would be bauber, IPC and bbc magazines as these institutions distribute successful magazines such as ones that i hae created. IPC and bbc magazine already have a magazine on there markets simular to mine which are 'top of the pops' and 'teen now' however bauber institutuion doesnt have a magazine aimed for my target audience so i could bring something different to their market and with 38 million magazine per week sold worldwide

What have you learnt about technologies from the process of constructing this product?

When making this product i learnt about different tchniques and technologies used in the process, firstly I learnt about blogger to present my work online as a digital portfolio, from blogger i learnt how to add text posts, images, link videos, and prezi. blogger would sometimes be difficult because if you had just wrote out something on there and the internet would go off it wouldnt save your work which could sometimes be fustrating but it taught me to always save my work on a computer first, however blogger will always be there for me to show examiners and UCAS universities to see. My blog have over 500 views which shows that there is a lot of people who view my work, it links to theoriest toby miller who said in 2006 "by looking at how culture is used and transformed by social groups, cultural studies see people not simply as consumers, but as potential producers of new social values and cultural language" I also used twitter and facebook for some of the tasks in my blog such as when i created my survey monkey i shared it on twitter and facebook so i could get a bigger variety of answers

I also learnt about Prezi to create a presentation on feature articles, which was shared online so a mass audience would be able to view it. however i discovered that when using prezi you are limiting to space for each slide which i saw as a dissadvantage.

i then later learnt about the digital equipment i would need such as a Canon 5D SLR camera and lense. i learnt about all the different setting to use and what was the best setting so i could get the best quality images and to not use an inferior memory card which would lose he high quality images.

After i had taken my images and was happy with them, I learnt to devolop my photoshop and illustrator skills by searching through tutorials online. I mainly used the brush and spot healing tool to give my model a flawless look, I also used tools such as ellipse, text, ellipticl marquee tool and leaner to change the opacity on some of the ellipse and rectangle shape tools. for my fonts on my masthead i used illustrator where i learnt interestesting fonts appeal to my target audience and by combining with photoshop i could make all elements of my product appeal to my target audience. Hopefully next time i can improve my illustrator skills.

I then learnt about indesign where i put my product in so i can add text, change the spacing and create columns. when my practical work was finished so I used the canon camera to film this evaluation with a green screen behind and i placed the camera on a tripod so it looked professional. I learnt to get the camera settings right and also the camera lighting, i also learnt how to get the camera framing so it was in focus. when i had finished filming i then imported all my clips into imovie to edit my evaluation and add the chosen images on th green screen of my product. Lastly the technology i then used was Youtube so i could share my evaluation which took up a large amount of time, overall i learnt and developed my skills using a huge range of different media technologies that i wouldnt normally use so i could create media products of a professional standard.

Looking back at your preliminary task, what do you feel you have learnt in the progression from it to your full product? 

Looking back at my preliminary task i think i have learnt to use a wide type of typography styles in the progression from my full product. I think ive learnt this as my chosen genre uses a wide variety. Ive learnt about the common conventions needed to make a successful pop magazine which shows when comparing my prelim and my final product. I also used more images and brighter colours to make it professional looking magazine for my target audience has made it a successful magazine overall.

practice exam question

Is it fair and level playing field in the area you have studied?

‘The British film industry has been through some amazing highs an lows over the last 100 years… but there has always been (despite some amazing creative talent like; Hitchcock, J.K Rowling and Dench) a struggle with finance.’

In terms of contemporary cinema, which I will investigate in more detail by comparing and contrasting my British and Hollywood case studies (The Woman in Black 2011 and Paranormal Activity 2007), this statement can be applied because of the balance is still tipped in favour of massive Hollywood conglomerates that dominate the market place. In this last decade, British films have seen huge financial growth due to; technological advances, government/ European funding/Lottery/grants, the Hollywood writers strike and amazing British talent like J.K Rowling refused to let Hollywood take the Harry Potter franchise.

Although, as McDougall (2008) stated Britain cannot compete on a completely level playfield as Hollywood as it doesn’t have the millions required for production, distribution and exhibition. This means that high budget British films have to get some funding from other place, meaning even though they can be classified as British films they have outside help and lose some profit, from production, distribution or exhibition from other countries.

According to the categories outlined by McDougall (2008), my British case study is a C category film. This means that this was filmed with mostly foreign money (but not USA) investment and a small British input either financially or creatively.

Interesting, although my Hollywood choice altimately attracted a Hollywood company to distribute and went onto become a massive Hollywood franchise, it started on a lower production budget to my British case study. In terms of production, my British case study had a production budget of $15 million, while my Hollywood case study had a budget of $10,000. I think this proves that British films could compete on a level playing field to Hollywood films because both of these films went onto be financially successful.

Through comparing the production information on the two films you can see the difference it made. My British filoms starred Daniel Radcliffe, Ciaran Hinds and Janet McTeer and my Hollywood film starred Katie Featherston, Micah Sloat and Mark Fredrichs. In terms of crew, the Hollywood film employed Oren Peli, Jason Blum and Steven Schneider and my British film had Richard Jackson, James Watkins, Tim-Maurice-Jones and Marco Beltrami. In terms of locations and settings, my British film was filmed in Essex, Northhampshire and Buckinghamshire while my Hollywood film was filmed in Oren Peli’s house.

Looking at the cast list and locations, it would seem logical that The Woman in Black should have been more successful that Paranormal Activity because Radcliffe is a massive global star and the production budget meant higher image quality, better special effects and better locations. However, ultimately, Paranomal Activity grossed a higher profit. There could be a number of reasons why this was the case. Firstly, in terms of the horror genre, Paranormal Activlty was a ground breaking phenomium in terms of cinematography and narrative while the Woman in Black followed more traditional horror conventions.

Paranormal Activity was a scarier film than The Woman in Black because The Woman in Black was made as a ghost story with special effects whilst Paranormal Activity was set in a normal setting of a house, which made it more realistic and believable for the audience. The actors who were filmed in the house stayed in the house for 24 hours and Oren Peli scared them so that he could actually capture their fear on camera. The way it was filmed on a home camera made it more realistic and believable for the audience too.

The other reason why Paranormal Activity was more successful relates to distribution viral marketing techniques, distribution budget and marketing strategies.

In terms of contents and target audience, the genre of my British film was Horror, the age rating was PG and my primary target audience was 12 to 30 year old horror fans of all ethnicity and in a demographic band of C1-E.My Hollywood film was a horror genre, rated a 15 with a primary target audience of 15 to 30 years old horror fans of all ethnicity in a demographic band of C1-E. The nationality of my British film is British and for the USA is American. 

The fact that both films were of the same genre meant that they were competing for a similar target audience. My Paranormal Activity Hollywood case attracted this target audience more successfully because it was scarier and was a better example of a film from that genre.

In terms of age rating (developed due to hyperdermic needle theory proving young people are more likely to be influenced by film content and therefore need protecting), research shows the most profitable target group is 15-24 years (because they have disposable income and have time to socialize), my British film wouldn’t appeal to this group because it’s a PG and this audience would think the film wouldn’t be scary if it’s suitable for younger ages. However, my USA film would appeal as it’s a 15 so will make the film appeal to this age group. 

Class

Marx and engels (1982) - the media is used by the ruling classes as means of control

"stereotyping becomes idealogical the moment it stops being simply a method of description and becomes a vehicle for values"

talking about lower class - "they are awful because they aren't like us"

-woman don't work in higher jobs as they can have babies so need time off.

Gandal 2007 -  class is not that dissimilar to the portrayal of race or gender because those that differ from the dominate social group producing the tv drama/film etc (middle class white males) portrayed class groups other than their own as the minority

in other words, upper class and lower cast people are portrayed as a 'cultural other'

working class males are buffoon like well intentioned but dumb. woman take upon the masculine role  (homer simpson)

middle class men are head of household, hard working and smart.

Popular nineteenth-century cross-class classploitation tales:
sentimental rags to riches: poor boy aided by rich person.
sentimental/sensational seduction: poor girl ruined by rich boy.
Cinderella seduction/redemption:poor girl ruined then rescued by rich boy

New popular cross-class classploitation tales:
slumming drama:rich girl or boy liberated by poor boy or poor girl or by downward mobility
class trauma: rich boy or girl degraded by lower-class boy.
slumming trauma: rich boy or girl degraded and liberated by poverty.

The bill

The editing was at a fast pace and they used lots of reverse shots between the guy with the gun and the police man, they used this type of editing as it creates tension and it shows the build in suspense. they have also used a dissolve shot from when they're in the buildings to in the police station, this shows that the police know that he is trapped in the block of flats and that its not a different situation, this is suppose to cause the audience to feel relieved as they know that the police will get there to save him before he gets shot

regional identity

stereotypes

London - landan posh rich people
Essex- fake tan chavy fake eyelashes
scotland - kilts & men with beards 


Benedict anderson (1983) - the unification of people in the modern world is achieved not by military but by cultural means, in particular the media system enables people (of a nation or region) to feel part of a coherent, meaningful and homogenous.

corrigan (1992) - Identity is fluid, unstable and continent on circumstances. 

Higson (1989) - “Representations of national/regional identity are constructed as the narrative of the text unfolds, as characters are pitted against one another, so a sense of identity emerges…but at the same time producers often resort to stereotyping as a means of establishing character and identity.”

ethnicity

The word 'race' in the cultural and political terrain has almost universally been aligned with black and asian people, as though they are the only racial groups that 'own' an ethnicity. whiteness has been naturalised, as though it is an invisible 'norm' when it is of course an ethnic group like any other.

1) Examination

• relationship between audiences of the media and the messages they transmit
• theorist focus on issues around textuality and context by analysing how various media forms choose to select and present information on different racial groups

2) Investigation

• possible connections between the consumers of media images and those in control of its output
• Dynamics between ownership, control, and content
• focuses on the 'process' of media production and considers wider social, political and economic implications of the media
• it is connected with issues of authorship and examines whether those in control of output (largely white middle class men) affects the type of images the media produces.

Functionalist view vs the marxist view

• The functionalist view argues that program makers 'cater for what the public wants' and simply reflects attitudes, tastes and opinions on ethnicity
• The marxist view is that those in control of media output shape how audiences view race.

Equal opportunities 

• 'Good broadcastings would reflect the competing demands of a society which was increasingly multiracial and pluralist' (BBC Charter 1977)
• Liberal pluralism - A philosophy and political principle that argues for the university ("sameness")

equal opportunities 

THE EQUAL OPPORTUNITY VIEW

Few academics have disputed the fact that the media, have been very selective in their portrayal of Black and Asian people. Many have attributed this to a lack of Black and Asian people in key, decision-making positions. 

Following viewer complaints and general criticism, this concept was taken seriously by the BBC in 1977 when the committee ruled that; ‘liberal pluralism’ must be the ethos behind programming in order to ensure ‘Good broadcasting would refect the competing demands of a society which was increasingly multi-racial and pluralist.’ (BBC Charter 1977). While Channel 4 established multicultural programming departments in 1984. Both stations also operate an equal opportunity employment policy.

gender in tv drama

Gamman and Marshment  - Men can also be portrayed as objects as sexual disirer
laura mulvey (1975) -woman are seen as an object of sexual desire
R.W connell (1995) - four types of masculinities; hegemonic, complicit, subordinate, marginalised
'hegemonic masculinity refers to the dominant form of masculinity within the gender hierarchy. hegemonic masculinity is associated with whiteness, heterosexuality, marriage, authority and physical toughness.'

complicit -men in society who do not themselves live up to the ideal of hegemonic masculinity 

subordinate - masculinity is defined by and in opposition to hegemonic masculinity in a society. Homosexuality as a common example of a subordinated masculinity.

Marginalized - These could be based on ethnic religious or racial identifications. They are marginalised in that their interest and perspectives are often not taken into consideration by the dominant culture.

Laura Mulvey woman are seen as object of desire (1975)

- The look of the camera

- The looks of the male character

-The looks which originate from the male spectator which imitate the other two constructed gazes

How is gender represented in the extract? 

mise-en-scene

camera

editing

sound

Laura Mulvey 1975 states that woman are seen as an object of desire, the camera work in this movie backs this up as when she is trying on dresses the camera angle tilts from the bottom upwards which allows the viewers to see her in the dress

How is gender represented in this extract?

As Laura Mulvey (1975) says "as erotic objects of desire to the characters within the screen, and the spectators in the auditorium" this extract links to this with the attractive wealthy woman walks into a clothes shop and in terms of miss-en-scene we know she's wealthy because of the outfit she's wearing and how her hair and makeup is immaculate. Digetic sound of upbeat music is used throughout the shop scene to make it obvious that the scene is back in the shop. The shopkeeper links to R.W Connell's theory (1995) as he is seen as a subordinate man in terms of masculinity due to the way he speaks and that he owns a womans clothes shop. The shop keeper looks down at the other woman in the shop who can't afford the clothes and mid shots are used with parallel editing switching between them both when speaking. The digetic music changes when the shopkeeper walks over to the other woman who is shown as more superior by this change of music and in terms of mise-en-scene the way she's dressed. This links in with L:aura Mulvey's theory (1975) of  "As erotic desire to the characters and as erotic desire to the auditorium" because of the music change and the way she looks.  Parallel editing is used when there is dialogue between these two characters, switching between both of them speaking. In terms of camera movement, the camera tilts up, starting from the bottom and going up to the top of the womans dress so the audience can view it. When the woman loses her ring, you can tell by her facial expression the panic and the actions she does as she frantically searches for it. The camera uses a tracking shot to follow the womans movement. A close up is used of the shopkeepers face to how his confusion. When the woman offers to pay for the shopkeeper to find the ring, a close up is used where the woman looks directly at the camera as if she's talking to the audience and says 'I know you will' to make them feel more involved in this tv show. In terms of editing, a fade out of black is used to flow to the next scene. This scene is of two men talking but you can tell that the oldest man is the hegenomic as the camera focuses mostly on him and he dominants the conversation. In terms of mise-en-scene he is wearing a suit and smoking a cigar which is stereotypically seen as what an upperclass and powerful man would look like. A fade out of black is used again and goes back to the scene in the shop with the same digetic sound used so the audience know its in the shop. 

disability essay

As Jordanova stated in 1989; “the treatment of others as more like an object, something to be managed and possessed, and as dangerous, wild, threatening.” The media language in this clip I just watched supports and Contradicts this as Everyone is scared of him, however when he scares his friend she comes running up to him apologising and treating him like a person saying 'she would of screamed even if it was George Clooney.'
This extract starts with a shot of barbed wire with a blurry background so you can't see in, which makes you think of a cage. This links back with Jordanovas theory of disabled peopled being treated like they're dangerous, wild and threatening, just like an animal. Also the camera kept on doing extreme close up shots of the burnt bit on the mans face, this lets the audience see the man disability and creates atmosphere and tension as the audience are left wondering how he got it. In terms of mise-en-scene in the clip at the building site the two workers showed very tense awkward body language towards the man with the scar and quite clearly want him to go away this creates tension and also makes the viewers feel sorry for the man with the scar.

The editing was at a face pace and they used lots of reverse shots between which people are speaking to get a better view so you could see there body language which suddenly changed as soon as the man with the scar asked for his job back which the other men clearly didnt want him to have probably because he might scare away customers, which links with Barnes (1998) theory stating 'disabled people are seen as 'freaks''
Non-diegetic sound is then used to create a dramatic effect when he is marching through the street this creates tension as the man is looking angry and the viewers are on the edge of there seat as you dont know what hes going to do next. 
The next clip then shows him talking to a sargent, and the disabled man has the scarred bit on his face in the shadows so you cant see it that well which was done on purpose as it makes him look dark and fearful which causes suspence.

How is disability portrayed in the extract you just watched?

As Barnes (1998) theory says disabled people are seen as "freaks" which links to the extract I just watched with the camera focusing on extreme close up shots on the horrid part of the mans face. This allows the audience to see the mans disability of a scar and creates curiosity to how he got this scar. In terms of miss-en-scene within the scene at the building site body language was used to set the tone. The two builder men looking at each other with an awkward descriptive look and shifting in their stance did this. The editing of the filming was at a fast pace and a reverse shot was used to switch between the speakers in the scene. They were happy to talk to him but as soon as he asked for his job back the whole atmosphere and body language changed between the three men because they clearly didn't want to give him his job back due to his injury/scar. In this dialogue part of the scene they only offer his job back at minimum wage. This links with Evans (1998) theory of disabled people being "Punished and excluded from ordinary life" just because of his injury he is being treated unfairly. In terms of editing, a cut away shot is used of barbed wire; the same shot used as the establishing shot. It then blurs and flows onto the next shot of a long shot of a woman and two children who one of them knocks the mother and she drops her shopping. The woman looks up and by the expression on her face with a close up shot used shows she was scared and screams when she sees the man. This links to Evans theory (1998) "We become literally alienated (and cannot identify with ) the object/person we observe" because we then find out through dialogue the woman does actually know him but because of his disability, she didn't recognise him and saw him as something scary. There's a cut away shot to the next scene of the man walking away with a mid shot used with the camera zooming in and out and blurring then focusing once again on the disabled man to emphasis he is the first person you will see because of his scar. Non-digetic sound is used for dramatic effect with fast paced drums used matching the speed the disabled man is walking. In the next scene he is talking to his boss and this is easel recognised due to the miss-en-scene used of a desk placed in front of him to make him look more powerful with a mid shot used. There is dialogue used between the two of them and in terms of muse-en-scene, the disabled man has the shadows of the blinds over his face so you can't see him and it's done to hide his face as if he shouldn't be allowed to show it. 

disabilities

Disability is the idea of not being normal, physically or mentally.

Disability is seen as an impairment of the body or mind caused by the loss or long-term non-functioning of a physical, sensory or mental part or system.

Common representations:

·      Struggling to over come the impairment

·      Finding a cure

·      Being an object of pity

·      Being a passive victim

·      Having a chip on his or her shoulder and becoming a evil, aggressive avenger.

The view of disability is known as the ‘medical model’ of thinking.

There is an alternative, ‘social model’, which considers disability to be the organisational, environmental, social and attitudinal barriers that prevent people with impairments being included in mainstream society.

The ‘social model’ view is rarely seen in moving image media, but disability charities are campaigning for change and ‘ground breaking’ representations of disability (within the social model) are on the increase.

Medical vs. Social (R Rieser 2000, Michelle Mason 1994)

Freud Psychoanalysis Evans (1998)

·      Disable people are seen as childish, dependant and underdeveloped.

·      Punished being excluded from ordinary life.

·      People who are imperfect, helpless, disgusting, shitty, dribbling – a threat to rigid ego boundaries.

·      Strict rules of decorum involving standards of privacy, decency and dignity effect representation.

·      Images of disability, which causes unpleasure to the self, simply be representing that expelling as already complete.

·      “We become literally alienated from (and cannot identify with) the object/person we observe.”

Stereotypes

There are ten main stereotypes of disabled people (Barnes, 1992)

1.    Pitiable and pathetic; sweet and innocent; a miracle cure.

The Elephant man.

2.    Victim or object of violence.

Robins – CSI.

3.    Sinister or evil.

Dr No.

4.    Atmosphere –curious or exotica in ‘freak shows’, and in comics, horror movies and science fiction.

Freaks.

5.    ‘Super-Crip’ / triumph over tragedy / noble warrior.

Xavier – X MenDisability is the idea of not being normal, physically or mentally.

Disability is seen as an impairment of the body or mind caused by the loss or long-term non-functioning of a physical, sensory or mental part or system.

Common representations:

·      Struggling to over come the impairment

·      Finding a cure

·      Being an object of pity

·      Being a passive victim

·      Having a chip on his or her shoulder and becoming a evil, aggressive avenger.

The view of disability is known as the ‘medical model’ of thinking.

There is an alternative, ‘social model’, which considers disability to be the organisational, environmental, social and attitudinal barriers that prevent people with impairments being included in mainstream society.

The ‘social model’ view is rarely seen in moving image media, but disability charities are campaigning for change and ‘ground breaking’ representations of disability (within the social model) are on the increase.

Medical vs. Social (R Rieser 2000, Michelle Mason 1994)

Freud Psychoanalysis Evans (1998)

·      Disable people are seen as childish, dependant and underdeveloped.

·      Punished being excluded from ordinary life.

·      People who are imperfect, helpless, disgusting, shitty, dribbling – a threat to rigid ego boundaries.

·      Strict rules of decorum involving standards of privacy, decency and dignity effect representation.

·      Images of disability, which causes unpleasure to the self, simply be representing that expelling as already complete.

·      “We become literally alienated from (and cannot identify with) the object/person we observe.”

Stereotypes

There are ten main stereotypes of disabled people (Barnes, 1992)

1.    Pitiable and pathetic; sweet and innocent; a miracle cure.

The Elephant man.

2.    Victim or object of violence.

Robins – CSI.

3.    Sinister or evil.

Dr No.

4.    Atmosphere –curious or exotica in ‘freak shows’, and in comics, horror movies and science fiction.

Freaks.

5.    ‘Super-Crip’ / triumph over tragedy / noble warrior.

Xavier – X Men

6.    Laughable or the butt of the jokes.

Dumb and Dumber

7.    Having a chip on their shoulder / aggressive avenger.

Captain Hook

8.    A burden / outcast.

Quasimodo

9.    Non-sexual or incapable of a worthwhile relationship.

Marlo Brandos

10. Incapable of fully participating in everyday life.

The Lost Prince

How is disability portrayed in the extract you just watched?

The camera displays disability in the extract I just watched by focusing camera shots on the horrid part of the mans face. This allows the audience to clearly see the mans disability; the scar. They do this by continuously using extreme close ups of the mans face. This creates the audience an atmosphere of curiosity among the audience and can make him seem like a ‘freak’ (Barnes 1992). As the man with the scar on his face was incapable of getting his old job back or being able to talk to people without frightening them he is under the stereotype of that he is incapable of fully participating in everyday life.

In terms of mise-en-scene within the scene at the building site body language was used to set the tone. The two builder men looking at eachother with an akward descriptive look and shifting in their stance did this. They were both quite happy to talk to him but as soon as he asked for his job back the whole atmosphere and body language changed between the three men talking as it is clear they don’t want to give him his job because of the injury/scar to his face.

6.    Laughable or the butt of the jokes.

Dumb and Dumber

7.    Having a chip on their shoulder / aggressive avenger.

Captain Hook

8.    A burden / outcast.

Quasimodo

9.    Non-sexual or incapable of a worthwhile relationship.

Marlo Brandos

10. Incapable of fully participating in everyday life.

The Lost Prince

How is disability portrayed in the extract you just watched?

The camera displays disability in the extract I just watched by focusing camera shots on the horrid part of the mans face. This allows the audience to clearly see the mans disability; the scar. They do this by continuously using extreme close ups of the mans face. This creates the audience an atmosphere of curiosity among the audience and can make him seem like a ‘freak’ (Barnes 1992). As the man with the scar on his face was incapable of getting his old job back or being able to talk to people without frightening them he is under the stereotype of that he is incapable of fully participating in everyday life.

In terms of mise-en-scene within the scene at the building site body language was used to set the tone. The two builder men looking at eachother with an akward descriptive look and shifting in their stance did this. They were both quite happy to talk to him but as soon as he asked for his job back the whole atmosphere and body language changed between the three men talking as it is clear they don’t want to give him his job because of the injury/scar to his face.